Control methods are applied worldwide to reduce predation on livestock by European red foxes. Lethal methods are intended to kill foxes and can inflict suffering. Non-lethal methods can also inflict suffering and can unintentionally lead to death. Moral debate about the animal welfare and ethical consequences of both methods is lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the animal welfare consequences, the level of humaneness and the ethical and moral implications of the global use of fox control methods. It is clear that lethal fox control methods and some non-lethal methods are inhumane.
De Ridder N & Knight A (2024). The animal welfare consequences and moral implications of lethal and non-lethal fox control methods. Animals, 14(11), 1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111672.
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